By the late 1940s, the United States
Navy (USN) identified a need to replace its antisubmarine warfare (ASW)
hunter-killer teams of TBM-3W2 and TBM-3S Avenger and AF-2W and AF-2S/AF-3S
Guardian aircraft. With the team concept one aircraft found the submarine,
the second aircraft made the attack. The Navy wanted to incorporate the
hunter-killer team into one aircraft. In January 1950, the USN issued
an Invitation to Bid for US aircraft manufacturers to come up with a
design for the new aircraft. Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation
won the competition in June 1950 with its Model G-89, beating out 17
other manufacturers and 23 other designs.
The
G-89 was a twin-engine aircraft with a crew of four that could carry
a variety of torpedoes, depth charges, and mines in an internal
bomb bay or on wing racks. It could also carry 5-inch rockets on
the latter. The aircraft carried sonobuoys, used to detect submarine
sounds
and transmitting them by radio, in the rear of the engine nacelles.
Initially named the Sentinel, the G-89 was renamed Tracker before
entering USN service. The Navy designated the plane S2F-1, and it
soon earned
the nickname “Stoof” (S-two-F). The S2F-1 first flew
in December 1952, and the first Navy squadrons were outfitted with
the
plane in February 1954. Grumman built 1,169 Trackers between December
1952 and December 1967, and de Havilland of Canada built another
100 under license. In September 1962, all USN S2F-types were re-designated
S-2s.
A
highly successful design, the Tracker series of aircraft flew over
22 years in the active US Navy. Eight S-2 squadrons flew in
the Vietnam
War. The last deployment of Trackers aboard an aircraft carrier
in an ASW role was in 1975. The Naval Air Training Command retired
their
TS-2A’s in 1979, and the last flight of a Tracker in US naval
service was in 1986. Export versions served with 14 foreign air
arms, and Argentina flew S-2E Trackers in the 1982 Falklands War.
Some
foreign service aircraft were re-engined with turbine-propeller
power plants.
Today, several privately owned Trackers may be seen on the airshow
circuits. Both radial engine and turboprop versions have flown
as forest fire-fighters in the United States, Canada, and France.
Combat
Air Museum’s US-2A was built as an S2F-1 at Grumman’s
Bethpage, Long Island, New York factory, the famous “Bethpage
Iron Works.” Assigned USN Bureau Number (BuNo) 136486, it was
accepted by the Navy May 31, 1956. The plane flew over 24 years with
the US Navy and Navy Reserves and served its final three years of naval
service as a non-flying instructional airframe. The aircraft was modified
to an S2F-1S in 1959 with the installation of AQA-3 Jezebel long-range
acoustic search equipment and an improved Julie explosive echo-ranging
system. In September 1962, the S2F-1S designation became S-2B. In 1963,
the plane’s designation became S-2F with further updating of
the Jezebel/Julie installation. 136486’s last conversion came
in 1968. All ASW gear was removed, and it became a target towing utility
transport, designated US-2A. In February 1972, the plane made an unintentional
wheels-ups landing, causing extensive structural damage to its lower
fuselage. It was repaired and returned to flying duties several months
later. 136486’s naval flying career ended in 1980 when assigned
to Naval Air Reserve Training Center, Olathe (Gardner), Kansas.
Olathe used the Tracker as a “training device” until
declaring it surplus in October 1982. On January 23, 1983, the
Naval Air Systems Command placed the US-2A on loan to Combat Air
Museum.
Two Museum members flew the aircraft to Forbes Field on September
24, 1983. In January 1989, Naval Air Systems Command transferred
the aircraft to the General Services Administration and the Kansas
State Agency for Federal Surplus Property, who, in turn, placed
the Tracker on Conditional Transfer to Combat Air Museum. The Museum
became sole owner of the BuNo 136486 in July 1986.
This aircraft is owned by Combat Air Museum.
Assignments |
|
June 1956 |
Air Antisubmarine Squadron VS-31, the Topcats, Naval Air
Station (NAS) Quonset Point, Rhode Island
Deployments aboard ASW Support (CVS) aircraft carriers USS LEYTE (CVS 32) and
USS WASP (CVS 18)
|
May 1958 |
Air Antisubmarine Squadron VS-32, the Norsemen, NAS Quonset Point.
Deployments aboard USS WASP
(CVS-18)
|
June 1959 |
Overhaul and Repair (O&R), Bureau of Aeronautics (BUAER) Maintenance
and Supply (M&S) and Bureau of
Weapons (BUWEPS) Fleet Reserve (FR), NAS Pensacola, Florida
|
March 1960 |
VS-31, NAS Quonset Point
|
June 1960 |
Air Antisubmarine Squadron VS-28, the Hukkers, with deployments aboard
USS WASP (CVS 18)
|
July 1962 |
Naval Air Reserve Training (NART), NAS Willow Grove, (Horsham) Pennsylvania
|
February 1963 |
O&R BUWEPS FR, NAS Pensacola
|
October 1963 |
NART, NAS Willow Grove
|
July 1966 |
Military Aircraft Storage and Disposal Center, Davis-Monthan Air
Force Base (AFB), (Tucson) Arizona
|
December 1967 |
Naval Air Rework Facility (NARF), NAS Pensacola
|
March 1968 |
NAS Quonset Point
|
March 1970 |
Naval Air Facility (NAF) Washington, D.C., located at Andrews AFB,
(Camp Springs) Maryland
|
May 1972 |
NARF, NAS Quonset Point
|
July 1972 |
NAF Washington, D.C.
|
July 1973 |
NAF Detroit, (Mount Clemens) Michigan
|
January 1975 |
Naval Air Reserve Unit (NARU), NAF Washington, D.C.
|
March 1975 |
NAS South Weymouth, Massachusetts
|
May 1975 |
NARU, NAS Point Mugu, California
|
September 1975 |
NARU, NAS Whidbey Island, (Oak Harbor) Washington
|
March 1976 |
NAF Detroit
|
July 1980 |
Naval Air Reserve Center Olathe, (Gardner) Kansas
|
September 1983 |
Combat Air Museum |
|
|
TECHNICAL
NOTES: |
(S-2A)
|
Manufacturer: |
Grumman
|
Basic Role: |
Antisubmarine
Search and Strike aircraft
|
Crew: |
Pilot,
co-pilot/navigator, radio/radar operator, MAD (Magnetic Anomaly Detector) operator
|
Power Plant: |
Two 1,525 hp (1,137kW) each Wright Cyclone, R-1820, nine-cylinder, air-cooled,
radial engines |
Maximum speed: |
272 mph (438km/h)
|
Cruising speed: |
149 mph (240km/h)
|
Service ceiling: |
22,800 ft (6,949m)
|
Wingspan |
: 69
ft 8 in (21.23m)
|
Length: |
42
ft (12.8m)
|
Height: |
16
ft 3.5in (4.97m)
|
Wing Area: |
485
sq ft (45.06 sq m)
|
Weights: |
Empty:
17,357 lbs (7873kg) Combat: 22,222 lbs (10.080kg) Gross: 24,408 lbs (11,071kg)
|
Range: |
968
miles (1,123km)
|
Armament: |
Maximum weapons load: 4,810 lbs (2,182kg); Fuselage weapons bay for
one Mk 34, or one Mk 41, or two Mk 43
torpedoes, or one Mk 24 mine; Six underwing stores for four Mk 19 mines, or four
Mk 43 torpedoes, or four Mk 54
depth charges, or six high velocity aircraft rockets (HVARs); Eight sonobuoys
in each engine nacelle.
|
Serial number: |
US Navy BuNo. 136486 (FAA Reg. Number N486GT) |
|